INTRODUCTION 

 Body Image is an individual’s evaluation of body size, weight or related to physical  appearance such as face, nose, ears, arms, thighs, calves, and back where these things will  become their own physical assessment. 

 Eating Disorder is an abnormal eating pattern of both excessive food intake and  restriction of food intake below normal limits that occurs due to psychological or emotional  problems that usually tend to be experienced by women because they are more concerned about  their appearance and body shape. 

DISCUSSION 

 Individuals with Eating Disorder tend to be so fearful of their weight gain that they deny  their normal age-appropriate weight. Self-beliefs, body perception, and the tendency of  Anorexia Nervosa in adolescent girls have been studied by Townsend (1998). Anorexia  Nervosa is a clinical disorder characterized by a morbid fear of fatness, accompanied by body  image distortion, obsession with food, and refusal to eat. Although the term anorexia nervosa  is defined as a lack of appetite, individuals who experience it are often hungry and attracted to  food, but they choose to avoid food, learn about calories, hoard food, and avoid and body shape  is a symbol of an individual’s self, because in this case the individual is judged by others and  judged by himself.  

 Research in 2020 and 2014 found that 67.8% of adolescent girls experienced eating  disorders, while 49.5% experienced moderate to severe levels of stress. Data from  RISKESDAS 2018 showed that 8.2% of adolescents were undernourished. Another study of  university students identified that 13.5% of women and 3.6% of men showed symptoms of  eating disorders. The results showed that only 35.2% of the anorexia nervosa tendency was  influenced by self-beliefs (9.1%) and body perception (26.1%), while the remaining 64.8% was  influenced by self-reported stress. 

 Body shape is a symbol of an individual’s self, because in this case the individual is  judged by others and judged by himself. Furthermore, body shape and good and bad appearance  can bring feelings of pleasure or displeasure towards their own body shape. There is an  assessment of something that is better or worse than others, thus causing a prejudice for himself  to others, things that become individual comparisons when they have to assess their own  appearance with the physical appearance of others. A person can judge the reaction to another 

person if they think that person is physically attractive, then the image of that person will lead  to good things to judge themselves. 

 In addition, the beauty standards prevailing in today’s society also play an important  role in this mental disorder. These are some of the supporting factors for eating disorders that  are still difficult to identify and often go unnoticed by sufferers and people around them.  Therefore, awareness related to eating disorders needs to be instilled in every individual,  especially adolescent girls who still dominate this disorder. Efforts to increase awareness  related to eating disorders also really need the involvement of various parties, including  researchers, health workers, the community, and not forgetting the sufferers themselves. 

This of course has several consequences, including: 

1. Stress  

High levels of stress will affect abnormal eating habits, which can lead to eating disorders.  Eating disorders are symptoms of abnormal eating disorders. Eating disorders are defined as  abnormalities that occur in a person’s eating habits and are caused by anxiety. 

2. Adolescent Nutritional Status Disorders  

Especially for students or college students, they begin to pay more attention to the condition of  their body, especially their body shape. They will start to think about physical attraction in  relation to social relationships that are easily influenced by the environment. So at this age, you  will see adolescents trying to control their weight obsessively, which will cause a transition in  nutritional status and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, as well as  eating disorders. The most common nutritional problem in adolescents is undernutrition  leading to malnutrition, specifically underweight and possible anemia due to iron deficiency. 

3. Menstrual Cycle Disorders 

Pediatric endocrinologist Frida Soesanti, Sp.A(K) said “eating disorders can disrupt the  menstrual cycle and affect digestion, impacting the health of adolescent girls. Many patients  experience eating disorders (anorexia nervosa) which ultimately disrupt their menstrual cycle.  Often, they want to conform to thinness standards on social media. 

4. Lack of self-confidence 

Eating habits and body image are also one of the factors that cause eating disorders due to  deviant eating behaviors. Dissatisfaction is negatively associated with self-esteem, but body  image dissatisfaction is positively associated with body mass anxiety and depression. This  means that an increase in dissatisfaction will be followed by a decrease in self-esteem and an  increase in body mass anxiety and depression. 

5. Overeating or Addiction to eating large amounts of food 

Eating disorders are defined as abnormal eating habits that negatively affect a person’s physical  or mental health. People who consume large amounts of food in a short period of time can also  be considered to be suffering from an eating disorder. 

4M to build a positive self-image:

1. Love yourself and surround yourself with positive people who love you for who you  are, not how you look. 
2. Eat and exercise in a way that promotes health and strength, not to achieve a certain  weight or body type. 
3. Invite people you trust (family or friends) to consult a nutritionist or do psychotherapy. 4. Discern and choose not to follow all social media trends that promote unrealistic ideal  body shapes, or that cause self-defeating thoughts or feelings. 

CONCLUSION 

 Body image is an individual’s evaluation of their own body size and physical  appearance. Eating disorder is an abnormal eating pattern associated with excessive  concern for appearance and weight. Eating disorders can lead to stress, impaired nutritional  status, menstrual cycle disruption, lack of self-confidence, and addiction to eating large  amounts of food. Research shows that factors such as self-esteem influence only a small  part of anorexia nervosa tendencies, while other factors such as education, job demands,  economic and social status also play a role. Society’s beauty standards contribute to eating  disorders, and awareness about this issue needs to be raised by various parties. Eating  disorders have a serious impact on the physical and mental health of individuals, especially  adolescent girls. Therefore, we must learn to accept and love ourselves. 

REFERENCE 

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Author

1. Syafirah Salsabillah
2. Desta Anggraeni Sijabat
3. Intan Amelia
4. Agustina